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Biraben, J. R. 「Essai sur l』evolution du nombre des hommes.」 Population 34 （1979）.
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１ Stephen Mitchell, trans., Epic of Gilgamesh （New York: Free Press, 2004）, 198-199.
２ Alfred J. Andrea and James H. Overfi eld, The Human Record: Sources of Global History, vol. 1 to 1700, 4th ed. （Boston, MA: Wadsworth, 2008）, 23-24.
３ J. R. Biraben, 「Essai sur l』evolution du nombre des hommes,」 Population 34 （1979）.
４ Rein Taagepera, 「Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 3000 to 600 BC,」 Social Science Research 7 （1978）:180-196.
５ 世界上第一部成文法典是《烏爾納木法典》；《漢謨拉比》是至今完整保存下來的最早的一部法典。——編者注
６ 應為公元前 11 世紀。——譯者注
７ 據《史記·殷本紀》記載，紂王「登鹿台，衣其寶玉衣，赴火而死」。——譯者注
８ Karl Jaspers, The Way to Wisdom: An Introduction to Philosophy （New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003）.